Research Highlights

Gauge fields are a fundamental concept in physics, describing the basic interactions between charged particles. For example, electrons interact with each other through its gauge field, the photon. Neutral particles (such as photons) by being chargeless are thus decoupled from

The advent of femtosecond Ti:Sapphire lasers in the 1990s leads to the first demonstration for attosecond light in 2001. With commercially available lasers centered at 800 nm as the driver, extreme ultraviolet pulses with up to 150 eV photon energy

Wide-field epi-illumination fluorescence microscopy is an indispensable tool in many biological studies due to its high sensitivity  and high specificity (Fig. 1). Especially, single- molecule  imaging  is  a  powerful  approach for quantitative analysis  since  it  is  capable  of counting the

Much research has been carried out to produce nanoparticles of various materials due to their excellent mechanical, chemical, electrical, and optical properties. However, it is difficult to deposit and transform nanoparticles into large two-dimensional and three-dimensional structures, such as thin

Ever since lasers were invented almost 60 years ago, they have been used in welding, drilling, cutting, forming and other manufacturing processes. A new generation of lasers has been developed in the past few decades. Commonly referred to as “ultrafast

It has commonly been assumed that perfect crystals are paramount for the operation of frequency converters based on quadratic nonlinearity, χ(2), such as optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). The necessary phase- matching condition is usually achieved either by a proper crystal orientation,

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging wearable display technology with potential applications for entertainment, education, training, design, advertisement, and medical diagnostics. Both liquid crystal display (LCD) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) are applicable for such head-mounted displays. Currently, OLED is

Imaging systems have grown to become ubiquitous pieces of technology found in an ever-increasing range of applications including cell phones, self-driving cars, and refrigerators that photograph their insides. This growth has been facilitated by mobile devices, which have driven camera

Infrared imaging systems encompass a wide variety of technologies and applications. Technologies range from new infrared detector materials and devices to new optical materials and methods. The applications are primarily military, but security and commercial applications continue to grow rapidly

Lasers operate by stimulated emission, where a single photon is emitted per electronic transition. Two photons, with combined energy matching the transition energy, can also stimulate emission of two additional photons in a process known as two-photon gain (2PG). Just

Chalcogenide glass (ChG) – based optical materials that transmit throughout the infrared (IR) have seen increasing use in a diverse range of infrared optical system. In recent years, traditional IR optical systems for the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared

Highly portable compact integrated sensors that are capable of fast response times are very attractive and in great demand for many applications in the medical field as well as for homeland security purposes. In order to have sensor modules that